Production One variety of ball mill is the Stirring ball mill. They are extensively utilized in industrial settings for material mixing and grinding. These mills' high energy efficiency, capacity to grind both small and large particles, and simplicity of use are their main benefits. These mills, however, have a number of drawbacks. These factors include the unit's power usage, recirculation ratio, and stirrer motion variability.
A milling tool for dispersing solids in a liquid phase is a stirred ball mill. The fact that the material can be milled gently and uniformly is one of this mill's benefits. Additionally, it works well for processing abrasive materials.
But there are some drawbacks to this kind of mill. They are connected to the inefficiency of the process caused by grinding media's propensity to entrain with the material stream. Additionally, these media stop milling the material when it reaches the mill's outlet.
The specific energy used by the milling bodies in a stirred ball mill depends on the milling rate and the specific surface area of the milling body. The researchers experimented on lignocellulosic biomasses to compare the energy efficiency of a stirred ball mill with other types of machines. As test samples, bark and straw were employed. Bark powder and straw powder, both of which were finely ground, were produced.
The scientists calculated the specific surface area of the milling bodies and the particle size distribution of the biomass samples in order to evaluate the effectiveness of these devices. These measurements were carried out using the BET-method and laser diffraction.
The coefficient of variation was computed following two trials. This illustrates the connection between the biomass sample's specific surface area and particle size distribution. According to the findings, the SBM's specific surface area was roughly 1.6 times faster than that of the RBM and VBM.
In the VBM, the specific energy was about 230 times lower. The SBM was faster at processing information than the RBM, and it was more comparable to the VBM.
The SBM was three times more energy-intensive than the VBM, despite having a similar specific energy to the RBM. This was primarily caused by the driving rotor's fast speed.
The findings also showed that the RBM had the lowest milling body-to-milled matter contacts. This suggests that the RBM was the mill with the lowest energy efficiency.
The various stirring components in a production stir ball mill like lab stir ball mill are fixed around a shaft. Particle size and slurry yield stress are just two of the variables that have an impact on the mill's rheological properties. In addition, rheological parameters have an impact on power consumption. The amount of fine bead produced in a stirred mill is inversely proportional to the agitator's power, as shown in Figure 5.1.
A typical stir ball mill has a radially extending support (212) and a stationary casing (221). Bearings 50 and 52 support both components. The shaft 22 and the casing 32 are rotated in opposition to one another around the axis 28 by a drive system. The mill's efficiency in stirring and grinding is enhanced by this configuration.
A novel arrangement of stirring elements was added to reduce the effects of wear on the mill's parts. The circular supports are fixed with two sets of stirring rods each. These rods complement one another well. They are set up in a ring pattern that is centered on the shaft axis. As an alternative, the mill's efficiency can be improved by using more than two concentric sets of stirring rods that are supported by shafts.
A circular screen 114 is mounted on a supporting shaft 22 in order to accomplish this. This screen is situated between the rotating shaft 22 and the closure member 116, which resembles a disc. It avoids the discharge of the grinding balls 30 along with the solids. Although the screen 114 is not specific to the horizontal ball mill, the mill 210 does use it in a unique way.
The stir ball mill is significantly more effective at producing a finer product when compared to the ball mill. It can grind materials more quickly than a ball mill. For instance, a stirred mill with a 4.25 t/h capacity uses about 30 times more power than a ball mill with a 0.25 t/h capacity.
However, slurry yield stress has an impact on this power consumption. In order to prevent wear at the mill's edges, it is crucial to reduce centrifugal forces. Additionally, reducing centrifugal forces can increase the mill's volume at the ideal shear impact range.
The RTD is influenced by the recirculation ratio of a production stir ball mill. This depends on the mill flow rate as well as the local hydrodynamic circumstances. Low values cause the kinetics of grinding to be slowed down, so the R-value should be between 0.5 and 5. Additionally, the media and the magnitude of the exerted forces have an impact. Additionally, the stirring action has an impact on it.
The impact of the recirculation ratio on the RTD has been investigated in a number of experiments and computational studies. The relationship between the actual recirculation procedure and the corresponding RTD curve, however, is still not well understood. It is necessary to develop a model in order to better comprehend the impact of the recirculation ratio.
The size of the produced particles and the rate at which the circulating load is replenished are two factors that are thought to have an impact on the recirculation ratio. For instance, the mixing time depends on the impeller's speed. The milling jar's volume is another consideration. Retention time will be excessive if the recirculation load is too low. As a result, the milling operation will operate with less efficiency.
Reducing the mean residence time of the slurry is one of the effects that is more obvious as the recirculation ratio is raised. This does not, however, directly lower the RTD. Instead, increased stirring rates are largely to blame for the effect. Additionally, it is a result of the milling process itself.
It follows that the fact that numerous studies have been done on the topic is not surprising. A numerical RTD model was applied in some of these studies. Additionally, the recirculation ratio, flow rate, and mixing time have all been measured. However, the experimental setup was not sufficiently described by the authors.
Axial dispersion exchange and intraparticle diffusion are two additional models. The latter of these has drawn the most attention. It's interesting that it doesn't demand that the same equations be used for every model. Instead, it can be applied to various stirred mills with comparable geometry.
For vertical stirred mills, a number of modeling techniques have been developed, including the population balance model and the discrete element method (DEM). DEM approaches offer a more mechanistic approach than empirical models.
It has been common practice to assess vertical stirred mill performance using the DEM method. Due to the computational costs, it is however constrained. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the DEM approach's potential for predicting how a stirred mill design will affect media motion and wear behavior.
A 3D Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulation was run on a Stir ball mill at pilot scale in order to assess the impact of the design on media motion. In order to track the velocity of the charge media inside the mill, a longitudinal cut was made in the simulation. Additionally, three different speeds were used to simulate the agitator's rotational velocity.
The simulations gave a quantitative assessment of the impact of different agitator rotational velocities on the mill's energy usage. Additionally, it examined the distribution of particle trajectories inside the mill as well as the impact of collision frequency and power reduction on the range of product sizes. Finally, the outcomes were contrasted with experimental findings made in a lab vertical stirred mill.
The findings demonstrated that the DEM's predicted power and a stirred mill's actual power at 87 rpm agreed exactly. This suggests that using a DEM-based model to optimize mill operation may be a good idea. For wear compensation, a different strategy may be needed depending on the type of agitator.
At a product size of 6 microns, the simulation showed a 50% energy reduction for a stirred ball mill. The energy savings were based on a decrease in the effective density of the mill load, which is a function of the grinding media's diameter.
The decrease in particle average translational velocity was also associated with a decrease in the amount of power used in a mill simulation. Fig. 1.6 displays these findings.
Overall, the findings demonstrate that the power consumption and product size distribution of a stirred mill can be affected by its design. As a result, in order to achieve the desired outcomes, a proper scale-up methodology must be developed.
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